
哪些形容詞最好用來形容2020年呢?
我們一起用三秒鐘翻攪一下腦中的單字庫!
For me, I think it had been quite chaotic, of course. Miserable and heartbreaking, for those who have been struggling (and are still struggling) with Covid-19. It was definitely a big “Ugh”for 2020.
2020年,對於很多還在跟Covid對抗的人來說,的確是很混亂、蠻痛苦、蠻令人傷心的一年,就是一個 “Ugh” (無言啊)這種感覺!但 2021 第一個禮拜,很幸運身在台灣的我們,要更正面地迎接像我們飛撲而來的挑戰喔!
我最近閱讀到一篇紐約郵報(New York Post)的文章 “2020 Events So Far: Yep, These Major World Events All Happened This Year” 這篇文章精選出 24 個 2020 年發生的重要事件,我再從中選出五個有必學英文單字的事件,帶著你們閱讀文章,並補充重點英文。若覺得有任何遺珠,歡迎留言與我分享。
在開始細讀這些重要事件之前,你覺得有哪些事件一定會在榜上的呢?
新冠肺炎疫情(coronavirus)是一定的啊!還有咧?剛結束的美國總統大選(US presidential election)應該也會成為美國史上最重要的幾次選舉吧?
From a deadly pandemic to a global movement for racial justice, the year 2020 has certainly experienced its fair share of world-shifting events.
Here is a list — and timeline — of the major events that have happened in this year so far:
From a deadly pandemic to a global movement
第一句用的句型是【 from…to…】,從…到…的意思。
【a deadly pandemic】Someone is dead. 就是某人死翹翹了,所以 deadly 就是「很會死人的」、「很致命的」那種嚴重的感覺,有相關聯,滿好記憶的。可以運用在:a deadly weapon, a deadly virus, a deadly disease, or deadly poison。
Pandemic
這個字太重要了,在美國辭典界執牛耳地位的出版商韋氏公司(Merriam Webster) 甚至把【pandemic】 選為2020年度代表字。
定義
A pandemic is a global epidemic, it means the number of people who have the virus continues to rise rapidly around the globe. It’s no longer in one region or one country, it’s across many countries and continents.
常常用英文學英文的時候,就是很容易單字越查越多,但這其實是好的麻煩,因為會迫使你動用到猜測的「天性」,有了猜的這個過程,會讓之後得到答案時記得更牢,長遠看來其實學得更快喔。
拼湊一下這幾個重點單字的意思:
- people who have the virus
- around the globe
- across many countries
如果疾病不限在某一區流行而是在廣大的區域,那麼就是 pandemic ,大流行病。
怎麼用在句子裡呢?其實跟我們的「疫情」用法滿像的。
- During the pandemic, it’s better to avoid going to crowded places.
- The Pandemic has killed more than 1.8 million people worldwide.
回到剛剛【from…to…】的句型,from a deadly pandemic「從肆虐全球的疫情」,直翻說成「致命的大流行病」也行,但新聞或文章裡比較常出現「肆虐全球的疫情」去示意這次疫情有多嚇人、多致命。
【TO】到什麼呢?
延續【from…to…】的句型,move 就是「動」,所以名詞 movement 可以想像為一個進行中的動作、一個運動。
- racial justice 種族正義
- a global movement for racial justice 一場訴求種族正義的全球性運動
你有沒有發現目前這幾句中文看起來都好像很厲害,但英文其實不需要動用到很多很高階的字,比如說「『訴求』種族主義」,其實就是 a movement “for” racial justice 中的 “for” 而已,所以每次我都覺得,英文中,字跟字的連結真的很有趣,我們常常都會想太多。「訴求」好像高階單字欸,其實簡單來說,這個全球性運動是為了種族正義這個目的,就是 for 的概念。
所以有了這兩個關鍵的大名詞:【a deadly pandemic】和【a global movement for racial justice 】 後,搭配【from … to】的句型就成形了:
From a deadly pandemic to a global movement for racial justice, the year 2020 has certainly experienced its fair share of world-shifting events.
So here is the list — and timeline — of the major events that have happened in this year so far.
所以這些重大事件(major events)是有個時間表(timeline)的,按照時間發生順序的喔。
我從中選擇了這五個事件分享:
- Australian bushfires 一月份的澳洲叢林大火
- Prince Harry and Meghan Markle quit royal family 一月分的哈利王子和梅根退出皇室
- COVID-19 pandemic 全球新型冠狀病毒肺炎疫情
- Black Lives Matter protests 黑人的命也是命抗議示威活動
- COVID-19 vaccine rollout 新型冠狀病毒肺炎疫苗推出
1
Australian bushfires
一月份的澳洲叢林大火

Bush(灌木叢),常常特別指澳洲那些沒有住人的荒地、叢林地,其實那場火從 2019 年底就沒有停止過了,這件事情真的很大!記得那時我的心情一度非常低落,雖然是遠在南半球,但這跟整個氣候變遷、溫室效應脫不了關係,那陣子一直在反省說我們到底還可以多做什麼事情幫助地球呢。而 【Bushfire】 這個字也是今年一月時澳洲的代表字。
The country faced one of its most devastating wildfire seasons as the blazes continued from December 2019 into the new year and burned a record 47 million acres, displaced thousands of people and killed at least 34 people.
2
Prince Harry and Meghan Markle quit royal family
一月分的哈利王子和梅根退出皇室

Image Source: CNN
我們台灣人沒有皇室、皇家(royal family)這種文化背景,真的很難體會這種幾乎代表整個民族、國家的家庭,所以遠在台灣的我們對於這件事,看戲成分居多啦,我硬要想一個最接近的情況,可能就是那種「連家、蔣家後代」連勝文或是蔣萬安從此退出政壇之類的,但我覺得若發生的話感覺滿像選舉前的一些造勢手段吧?
The Duke and Duchess of Sussex shocked both sides of the pond on Jan. 8 when they announced they were stepping down as “senior” royals.
【The Duke and Duchess of Sussex】 就是哈利和梅根他們的皇室稱號「薩塞克斯公爵和薩塞克斯公爵夫人梅根」。
【shocked both sides of the pond】池塘的兩邊,所以是哪個池塘啊?其實指的就是the Atlantic Ocean,所以大西洋兩邊,通常就是指英國和美國,其實跟我們的海峽兩岸 / 兩岸還滿像的吼!
【shock】 則指的是嚇到抖了一下的感覺。
他們「卸下高階王室成員身份」(step down / step back as senior royals),可以想像英國皇室思考要怎麼用好聽的字眼解釋他們這兩人脫序的行為,從樓梯上走下來可以說 step down the stairs,要叫人往後退一步時會說 take one step back,所以可以想像高高在上的公爵、公爵夫人從高貴的皇座上下來或是退居幕後這樣的感覺,也就是「卸下高階王室成員身份」,真是高招的說法!
當時英國甚至還出現 “Megxit”,也就是 Meghen + Exit 的合體字,指的是「梅根脫離王室」。
英國脫歐 Brexit(Britain + exit)這個字是 2016 年度代表字,現在又變成 Megxit,還滿戲謔的。
3
COVID-19 pandemic
全球新型冠狀病毒肺炎疫情

Image Source: e-learning journal
The World Health Organization announced Jan. 9 that a deadly coronavirus had emerged in Wuhan, China. In a matter of months, the virus has spread across the globe to more than 20 million people, resulting in at least 751,000 deaths.
跟前面講到一樣,英文每個獨立句子都一定要有主詞,所以這裡提到武漢肺炎,除了剛剛學的 pandemic (大流行病),還出現同時在標題的 Covid-19(新冠肺炎)、Coronavirus(新型冠狀病毒)、最後還有 the virus(該病毒),讓這段文字不會一直重複同樣的字,看起來比較厲害一點。
Coronavirus 是這個疾病的名稱,也可以稱為 Covid-19,就跟我們會說武漢肺炎,而不說新型冠狀病毒肺炎,因為字數比較少也輕鬆一點,或是直接說 Covid,像他的小名這種感覺,同時若前文已經用過 Coronavirus 或是 Covid-19,後面的文字直接用 the virus,就可以理解為是這個疾病的病毒,而不是日本腦炎或愛滋病的病毒。
- 因為疫情的關係,現在都不能出國玩了!可以怎麼表達?
Because of Covid-19 / Covid / Coronavirus, it’s impossible to travel around. - 疫情在台灣算控制得很好,還可以開演唱會和去跨年。
Taiwan did a pretty job of containing coronavirus. We are still able to attend concerts or even celebrate New Year’s Eve. - 「控制」疫情、「控制」病毒的擴散:contain coronavirus, contain the virus, contain the disease
- 控制其它事情: contain my anger / contain the violence
The World Health Organization
World Health Organization 就是我們熟悉的 WHO 世界衛生組織,如果你不想要唸成 W-H-O(搭不溜 – 欸曲 – 歐)的話,教你小撇步,dabe-YOU, H連到O,這兩點做到的話你的發音會瞬間變好聽!
4
Black Lives Matter protests
「黑人的命也是命」抗議示威活動

Image Source: BBC
這件事情也真的超大條!當時紐約時報(The New York Times) 甚至寫了一篇標題為 Black Lives Matter May Be the Largest Movement in U.S. History(BLM可能是美國史上規模最大的群眾運動) 的文章。台灣幾乎都是黃皮膚黑頭髮,我們頂多在選舉時會吵一下本省、外省、客家人的事,真的很難理解在一個國家裡面有這麼多不同種族、血統是什麼感受。
The police-involved killings of George Floyd, Ahmaud Arbery and Breonna Taylor this year sparked a wave of peaceful — and sometimes violent — demonstrations and riots across the world to demand an end to police brutality and racial injustice.
More protests erupted in August when 29-year-old Jacob Blake was shot by a Kenosha, Wisconsin, cop and paralyzed from the waist down.
註:「非裔、原住民與其他有色人種」(Black, indigenous and other people of color)的英文縮寫 BIPOC
。 被警察殺掉的人是 George…Ahmaud…and Breonna… 偷偷跟你說,太難念的名字我自己也都含糊帶過,反正知道有這三人就好,這三人身亡後發生什麼事呢?
sparked a wave of peaceful – and sometimes violent demonstrations and riots
有時是 peaceful 和平, 有時是 violent(暴力)的 demonstration 。
【 demonstration 】遊行、示威
When a group of people stand together to show how angry they are, and to show that they disagree with something or someone.
【 riot 】暴動 定義
A riot is like the violent version of a demonstration. It’s a violent, uncontrolled public meeting caused by a group of people protesting against another group or usually, against the government.
所以這些示威遊行涉及到多大的範圍呢 — across the world 全世界都響應。他們要幹嘛呢 — to demand an end to police brutality and racial injustice. (要求終止警察暴力及種族不平等)
然而發生了這件事:
More protests erupted in August, erupt 就像是火山爆發(volcano eruption)那樣。八月份又有更多抗議活動爆發,什麼引導點呢? when 29-year-old Jacob Blake was shot by a Kenosha, Wisconsin, cop(29歲的Jacob 被警察射到)傷勢多嚴重呢? — paralyzed from the waist down. (從腰以下都癱瘓)
5
COVID-19 vaccine rollout
新型冠狀病毒肺炎疫苗推出

Image Source: BBC
The first Americans were vaccinated against the coronavirus Dec. 14 after the US Food and Drug Administration approved the emergency use of Pfizer’s COVID-19 shot on Dec. 11. The country’s second inoculation, developed by Moderna, was then given FDA approval a week later on Dec. 18 — with states receiving the jab Dec. 21. The arrival of the two vaccines, which were developed in less than a year, was touted as one of the greatest scientific accomplishments in US history.
結語
其實2020的重要大事件還有很多遺珠,例如我們的台灣選舉、美國大選,但因為想要補充的內容太多了,這邊就稍微忍痛割捨了,期待在往後的單元做更完整、深入的探討囉!